China will limit its total carbon emissions by the end of this decade, China’s Advisory Committee on Climate Change chairman He Jiankun said.

The Guardian quoted Jiankun as saying at a conference in Beijing that the nation would introduce an absolute cap on carbon emissions.

The target will be included in country’s next five-year plan, which is effective from 2016, Jiankun said.

“The government will use two ways to control CO2 emissions in the next five-year plan, by intensity and an absolute cap,” Jiankun told Reuters.

“The opinions expressed at the workshop were only meant for academic studies. What I said does not represent the Chinese government or any organisation.”

The plan comes the day after the Obama administration announced its new plan guidelines for reducing carbon emissions from power plants by 30% by 2030.

Australian National University climate change economics and policy expert Frank Jotzo said, “The announcement of intent of an absolute target doesn’t tell us anything substantive….[On the US side] we have a policy for the electricity sector but not an overall national number.”

Greenpeace UK chief scientist Doug Parr said China and US have sent a powerful signal in the past 24 hours of crucial climate talks later this year to other world leaders.

“The Chinese government has already set out ambitious plans to cut the country’s reliance on coal – an additional cap on CO2 suggests the country’s leaders are serious about tackling their emission problem,” Parr said.

Greenpeace in China climate and energy campaigner Li Shuo said a carbon cap marks a “positive and natural step forward” and follows the implementation of a cap on energy use, which was announced in 2011.

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has outlined guidelines for a new plan in an effort to cut carbon pollution from the existing power plants, making them more efficient and emitting less pollution, as part of President Obama’s Climate Action Plan.

The plan, known as Clean Power Plan, aims to reduce 30% of carbon pollution from the power sector by 2030 while ensuring a healthier environment, spur innovation and strengthen the economy.

EPA, by 2030, intends to reduce particle pollution, nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide by more than 25% as a co-benefit, and to cut electricity bills by approximately 8% by increasing energy efficiency while reducing electricity system demand.

Additionally, the EPA aims to avoid an estimated 150,000 fewer asthma attacks in children, up to 3,300 fewer heart attacks and several thousand fewer premature deaths due to pollution-related illnesses.

Calling the plan as a “common-sense approach” to reduce carbon emissions, Energy Secretary Ernest Moniz said that the plan will recognise the US’ key role in fight against climate change.

“A flexible approach will keep electricity affordable for American families and businesses, spark homegrown clean energy innovation that creates jobs, and increase energy efficiency to save families money,” Moniz said.

To be implemented through a state-federal partnership, the plan provides guidelines for states to develop schemes to meet state-specific goals to reduce carbon pollution.

The plan also provides flexibility for the states to choose the right mix of generation using diverse fuels, energy efficiency and demand-side management.

Based on this input, EPA will finalise standards next June following the schedule laid out in the June 2013 Presidential Memorandum.

For the LEGO Group, growth has been as consistent and precise as the red plastic blocks that snap together to construct cars, castles, and kingdoms.

The Billund, Denmark-based iconic toy company, which has a movie, theme park, and several successful superhero product lines, increased its revenue by 13 percent this past year, and then decided to drastically decrease its carbon footprint for its supply chain, manufacturing, and distribution.

“We have a duty to inspire and develop the builders of tomorrow and therefore addressing the real issues around man made climate change is a key part of that,” said Morten Vestberg, communication manager for the LEGO Group. “By doing so, we move towards our goal of positive impact, reduce our energy use, cut operating costs, and ensure we are a business fit for the future.”

As part of the LEGO Group’s ambition to deliver a positive impact on the planet, the toy manufacturer signed a partnership with World Wildlife Fund to be a member of the Climate Savers Programpledging to intensify their work to improve performance on a range of environmental priorities – including greater focus on collaboration with suppliers to reduce total carbon emissions. The LEGO Group plans to: • Initiate test projects together with suppliers to co-create best solutions to address the supply chain carbon emission impact. • Work with an environmental strategy for materials, which could include producing products using fewer materials, keeping the recyclability high and using renewable or recycled materials. • Look into how it can best innovate its products to be more sustainable. • Reduce the energy used to manufacture one ton of LEGO elements by 10 percent by the end of 2016. • Produce more renewable energy than the company uses in its facilities; be 100 percent renewable by 2016.

“We have experienced strong growth for eight consecutive years and, as we grow, we are becoming increasingly aware of the impact we leave on the planet,” said Jørgen Vig Knudstorp, LEGO Group’s CEO. “Partnering with WWF is an important step in our efforts to get the best out of our sustainability initiatives.”

Innovative suppliers

In 2013, the LEGO Group had a total of 110 suppliers. If the company reduced carbon emissions directly related to production at LEGO factories by a minimum of 10 percent, which is the target, this would remove approximately 10,000 tons of carbon emissions.

But, only 10 percent of the total carbon emission from the entire value chain related to LEGO products originates from the processes taking place at factories during moulding, decoration, and packaging of LEGO bricks.

The remaining 90 percent of the carbon emissions stem from supply chain activities such as raw material extraction and refinement, indirect procurement, distribution from LEGO factories to toy stores around the world and end of life impact when the products are eventually scrapped.

If the toy company is able to enable its supply chain to also achieve a reduction in production at a similar level, the total emissions would be reduced by 100,000 tons, which is equivalent to taking approximately 28,000 cars off the streets.

“We are undertaking a number of pilot projects with key suppliers in our materials supply, machinery providers, and transport partners,” Vestberg said. “We are currently developing an approach through co-creation with these important stakeholders rather than implementing a predetermined standard as we feel this is how we will achieve effective and long lasting impact reduction.”

Since 1997, the LEGO Group has required suppliers and business partners to sign their Supplier Code of Conduct to ensure responsible sourcing. To promote sustainable supply chains the toy manufacturer has ongoing dialogues with suppliers on how to best take a proactive stance together to handle the environmental issues impacting the globe.

Responsible manufacturing

While the LEGO Group is now increasing focus on suppliers – it still remains ambitious and dedicated on reducing its own environmental impact. For a number of years the LEGO Group and the WWF have had a dialogue on a range of sustainability topics such as sourcing sustainable packaging materials through FSC and partnering on the launch of the WindMade initiative. Now the formal partnership puts focus on going beyond zero carbon emissions. The LEGO Group is already right on track to meet this ambition with concrete action by investing $532 million in a new offshore wind farm in northern Germany where the production of energy from the LEGO Group’s part of the wind farm equals the energy consumption of approximately 100,000 residential homes. The offshore wind farm, Borkum Riffgrund 1, will support the LEGO Group’s goal to generate enough renewable energy capacity to meet the company’s energy needs by 2020. The wind park is being built and operated by DONG Energy.

“As the LEGO Group works to achieve the ambitious aim to produce more renewable energy than it uses, the company follows a strict energy hierarchy of 1.) Reduce demand, 2.) Energy efficiency, and 3.) Renewable energy,” Vestberg said.

First, the company cuts energy use, or avoids processes that require excess energy. Secondly, they improve the efficiency of the equipment and buildings through controls optimization, insulation or reuse of heat and cooling. In this stage, the company would consider the use of combined cooling, heating and power systems, and will install such a system in its new Hungary factory.

“Then we evaluate the potential of renewable energy, initially onsite if feasible and if not, offsite,” Vestberg said.

Sustainable raw materials

In 2013, LEGO increased its efforts to find and implement more sustainable alternatives to the raw materials used for the toy bricks, as these contribute 30 percent of the company’s greenhouse gas emissions. By 2030, LEGO’s vision is to find and implement sustainable alternatives to its current raw materials.

The raw material for LEGO bricks starts out as a fragment currently distilled from crude oil. Through a number of processes, the large molecules from crude oil are processed via small molecules into long chains of molecules to make the raw material for the brick. As the company continued to grow its production throughout 2013,it used 68,000 tons of raw materials.

Even though it is a challenge to find materials that do not compromise the current high quality and safety standards of LEGO products, the company has set goals to find more environmentally friendly materials. The LEGO Group has:

• Established a separate department, anchored in top management, with the sole focus of moving into sustainable raw materials by 2030.

• Launched a number of initiatives in cooperation with both suppliers and selected cooperation partners to start the journey towards a sustainable material vision. The toy company will increase cooperation with cutting-edge material suppliers to develop more sustainable materials suitable for LEGO products and production.

• And start measuring the environmental sustainability of new materials to ensure that LEGO reduces its total impact and does not trade off between different environmental impacts.

“We are committed to improving our environmental performance year after year as we strive for positive impact on our sustainability agenda,” Vestberg said. “We seek to embed environmental sustainability into everything we do.”